【作者】 梁颖哲；

【导师】 张艳莉；

【作者基本信息】 上海外国语大学 ， 汉语国际教育， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着中国经济的发展、国际地位的提高，世界各地对汉语的需求越来越大，全世界涌现出了汉语热，大量外国人来中国学习、工作、生活，更有许多外国人在其本国内进行汉语学习。这些学习者自身有多层次、多样化的特点，他们学习需求的个性化、差异化明显，而我国国内恰恰缺少这样针对特定目标人群，进行市场细分的教学和教材的研究，导致国内对外汉语教学的研究与实际状况无法对接。在专门用途语言中，发展得最成熟、研究成果最丰富的就是专门用途英语（ESP）的教学，而需求分析理论是教学中的核心内容。本文通过ESP理论指导，采用国际上成熟的需求分析模型对留学生在日常学习生活工作语境下，必须掌握的汉语交际项目和学习目标，设计调查问卷，进行调查分析，总结出留学生的需求特征和最大需求项目。选取生活汉语教学中使用频率较高，与本需求分析的结论最接近的两部生活汉语教材，对其课文进行分项对比研究，从课文的内容框架、课文形式及人物设置、主题的选择、文化项目的编排等方面考察教材内容编排的优劣，并与第三章中需求分析的结果形成对照，指出所选两部教材的合理成分和需要改进的部分，以及是否能够真实反应留学生汉语沟通的实际情况，是否能够满足学生在目标情景环境中的需要，在此基础上对现有的生活汉语教材提出建设性的意见。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of Chinese economy and enhancement of China’s internationalstatus, all countries in the world increasingly demand to learn Chinese so that ChineseFever appears. A large number of foreigners study, work and live in China, and even morelearn Chinese in their own countries. Such learners diversify in levels and characteristics,and their learning needs differentiate in personalities and diversities. However, nowadays,China lacks such research in these specific target groups, market subdivision and teachingmaterials, as a result, research in domestic teaching and learning Chinese as a foreignlanguage and the actual situation cannot be integrated.Among all languages of special purposes, the most mature and fruitful research is theteaching of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), in which Needs Analysis theory is thecore content. In this thesis, by utilizing ESP theory and adopting the mature NeedsAnalysis model, the Chinese communicative items and learning objectives that must bemastered by the students in the context of daily life are studied. The questionnaires aredesigned in the first place, followed by the survey analysis. The demand characteristics ofthe students and most demanded items are then concluded. This thesis chose two teachingtextbooks in which Chinese used more frequently in daily life and conclusion approachedmore closely to Needs Analysis, by comparison with the results in the3ndChapter from theaspects of text frame, form, character configuration, subject selection and cultural itemsarrangement, the author determined the advantages and disadvantages of textbook layoutand pointed out its logical and rational parts as well as the portions to be improved.Meanwhile, this paper put forward several constructive suggestions to the existingtextbook on the basis of foreign students’ communicative situations and their needs intarget context.更多还原